英文翻譯

The "Clientization" of Everyone. Expanding markets for educational services provided the rationale for turning lifelong learning into lifelong schooling. Adults not only "needed" professional assistance in the task of learning, but also in identifying appropriate learning projects. As learners became clients of trainers and other educational providers, it was an easy transition from marketing services for reluctant learners to mandatory continuing education, all in the name of efficiency. Research on why adults participated or, more frequently, failed to participate in adult education had failed to identify a cure for the deficiencies of "drop-outs" and other resisters. Henceforth, in many instances adult educators achieved what the medical profession only dreamed about: forced annual diagnosis and rehabilitation-without, as yet, the specter of malpractice litigation.

Social Control and the Disappearance of Issues. Steven Lukes in his analysis of power observes that the most effective and far-reaching exercise of power does not rest on the use of overt force that is expensive, inefficient, and likely to engender counter force. The most effective power is exercised by the control of knowledge (Lukes, 1974). What we understand of our history, what we believe to be "realistic" expectations for ourselves and for our families, our understanding of concepts such as race, gender, or class-concepts by which we lay hold of our experience and evaluate day-to-day life-these can enslave us or set us free. Therein lies the power of the educator. Two visions of how that power is to be used have shaped adult education in the United States: the first a vision of adult education as a means of deepening our understanding of contemporary issues so we can become full and able participants in deciding the direction of social and political history; the other a vision of adult education as a means of implementing a future which the learner neither understands nor helps to create.

可以請英文高手幫我翻譯這2段嗎??我怎麼翻都覺得卡卡的..很不順..拜託一下..謝謝各位..